Implementasi Sistem Monitoring IoT untuk Analisis Kinerja Solar Tracker Single Axis pada Greenhouse
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30811/litek.v23i2.114Keywords:
Solar Tracker Single Axis, IoT, Node-RED, MQTT, GreenhouseAbstract
Kinerja panel surya statis pada greenhouse sering kali tidak optimal karena posisinya yang tetap tidak mampu mengikuti perubahan sudut datang sinar matahari sepanjang hari, sehingga penyerapan energi menjadi kurang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengimplementasikan sistem monitoring berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk menganalisis kinerja solar tracker single axis dibandingkan panel surya statis pada greenhouse. Sistem dibangun menggunakan ESP32 sebagai pusat kendali, sensor LDR sebagai acuan pergerakan panel, serta sensor BH1750 dan INA219 untuk mengukur intensitas cahaya, tegangan, dan arus. Data dikirim melalui protokol MQTT dengan broker Mosquitto, diproses menggunakan Node-RED, disimpan pada InfluxDB dan MySQL, serta divisualisasikan secara real-time melalui dashboard Grafana. Metode yang digunakan adalah experimental comparative, di mana kedua sistem diuji bergantian selama enam hari. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa solar tracker single axis meningkatkan intensitas cahaya sebesar 10,83%, tegangan 8,57%, arus 39,25%, dan daya 51,45% dibandingkan panel surya statis, dengan rata-rata peningkatan performa keseluruhan sebesar 27,52%. Verifikasi menggunakan Wireshark membuktikan komunikasi MQTT berjalan stabil. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa integrasi solar tracker single axis dengan sistem monitoring IoT efektif mengoptimalkan penyerapan energi surya sekaligus memudahkan pemantauan kinerja panel secara real-time pada lingkungan greenhouse.
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